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The Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Nepali: नेपाल सदभावना पार्टी) was a regional political party in Nepal that worked for Madhesi rights. Its founding was in 1985, as the Nepal Sadbhavana Council, by Gajendra Narayan Singh. In domestic affairs, it aimed at promoting the interests and citizenship of the Madhesi community of the Terai Region, favored the introduction of Hindi as the second national language, and supported the framework of a democratic socialist society. Within the bipolar framework of the Cold War, it worked for the establishment of a special relationship with India in the framework of nonalignment.
In 1990 it transformed into NSP. It split three times. The first time one of its leaders Ram Janam Tiwari broke away. The second time Hridayesh Tripathy formed a splinter party called Nepal Samajwadi Janata Dal that came back into the fold later. The third split was when Badri Mandal became openly monarchist.
NSP took part in several coalition governments in Nepal during the 1990s. At the last legislative elections before the King of Nepal took power, 3 May and 16 May 1999, the party won 3.2 % of the popular vote and five out of 205 seats.
In July 2001, Singh reorganised the NSP central committee. Rajendra Mahato was appointed general secretary. Badri Prasad Mandal and Hridesh Tripathy, both members of parliament, were nominated vice-presidents.Mr. Gauri Shankar Mohpal was appointed as member of Central Committee who held position as Vice president earlier.[1]
Gajendra Narayan Singh died on January 23, 2002. Badri Prasad Mandal was appointed acting party chairman after Singh's death.[2]
At the 4th NSP general convention, held in Rajbiraj in March, 2003, the party split into two. A group led by led by the widow of Singh, Anandi Devi Singh and Hridesh Tripathy broke away and formed the Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandi Devi). The remaining group elected Badri Prasad Mandal as the new chairman of the party.[3][4][5] The convention elected a Central Working Committee, consisting of Badri Prasad Mandal, Ramnarayan Yadav, Bisheswor Rajbanshi, Dilip Kumar Dhadewa, Bishwonath Singh Rajbanshi, Chandrakala Singh Kuswah, Manish Kumar Suman, Satyanarayan Yadav, Dipendra Kumar Chaudhary, Sitaram Mandal, Durga Chaudhary, Dr. Dambar Narayan Yadav, Rajkumar Gupta, Laxman Lal Karna, Amrita Agrahari and Devendra Mishra.[6]
In 2007 Mandal was expelled from the party. Laxman Lal Karna became the new party chairman. In June 2007 NSP merged into NSP(A).[7]